摘要(英) |
At
present, it is very serious in Taiwan working environments that
labors have occupational injuries caused by their jobs. Among
them, those labors working in the construction industry are in
the majority. The industry noise resulted from machines will
directly endanger the health of working labors, causing hearing
losses. According to the Article 300 of the Rules of Labor
Safety and Health Facilities, the time weighted average for the
working time of a labor is eight hours per day and the
equivalent noise level shall not be more than 90 decibels. This
research is designed to study if the damage of noise exposures
for the labors in ready-mixed concrete plants and gravel
processing plants exceeds the limit regulated by laws and to
take use of the spectrum analyzer to understand the level of
various frequency noises for a labor working in the operation
room. In order to understand the hearing loss level of those
workers in ready-mixed concrete plants and gravel processing
plants, this research adopts the questionnaire about the hearing
loss of labors drawn up by the National Institute on Deafness
and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) to make an interview
with operating workers on site. And, this research then makes a
cross analysis of on-site measurement results and
questionnaires. With the remote-control measurement set in a
ready-mixed concrete plant in Central Taiwan, this research can
study if it is possible to lower the noise level efficiently and
provide a suggestion for protections against noises as a
reference resource of administrative measures and health
educations.
The result of environmental test on noises shows that the
equivalent noise level of ready-mixed concrete plants and gravel
processing plants for eight hours is 88.7±2.2 decibels and
75.5±1.8 decibels respectively. Although their noise levels are
in conformity with the laws & regulations, there is not any
further study on low-frequency noises in Taiwan. Only with the
questionnaire, the result reveals that some labors have hearings
losses already, showing that it is still necessary to study the
existing level regulated by laws.
With the measurement by a remote-control system, the result
shows that the noise level can be exactly reduced to 15 decibels
below and the low-frequency noise level regulated by laws in
each country is also able to be reduced efficiently. And the
result of inspections & examinations for personal labor
protection equipments also shows that it is insufficient for the
labors in the safety educations and trainings. In domestic, the
labor safety is taken more and more seriously. In order to
reduce the hearing loss of labors and to prevent labors from
exposing to the noise source, we can improve such administrative
managements as remote control, move line planning, educational
training and personal protection equipment examination. |