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碩士論文公告區 |
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| 年度： | 96 | |
| 姓名： | 黃文彥(Wen-Yen Huang) | |
| 論文題目(中)： | 流槽斷面對土石流流動及堆積型態之影響 | |
| 論文題目(英)： | Effects of Channel Cross-Section Shape on Debris Flows Movement and Deposition | |
| 摘要(中)： | ||
| 台灣地區山勢陡峭，地質脆弱，加上每年颱風帶來集中性豪大雨，往往在山區引起大規模之土石災害。土石流流動狀態特殊、破壞力強，嚴重影響下游地區人民生命財產與安全。台灣地區土石流主要發生於1、2級河川，在土石流硬體之防治工程中，抑制與攔阻工法主要應用於中、上游工程，淤積與疏導工法主要應用於中、下游工程。倘若能於河川中上游段將土石流疏導至河寬較寬之下游或3、4級以上之河川，將可大大減小土石流之危害發生。 本研究所設計之試驗主要藉由改變斷面來增加水流集中，以控制流心，使土石流於流動過程減少漫流的現象，加速通過保全地區。本試驗以矩形、梯形及V形三種斷面，透過等重量替代法模擬現地配比，分別控制不同總重量、不同體積濃度及不同最大土石粒徑等條件，進行室內土石流水槽試驗，探討改變流槽斷面對於土石流流動過程之移動情況、堆積情況之影響。 試驗結果顯示，透過流速、堆積距離、寬度及深度等資料統計，流槽斷面形狀將影響土石流流況及堆積範圍，V型槽流動速度大於梯型槽與矩型槽；土石流於V型槽排導下所產生之堆積長度及寬度也皆最大；矩型槽則最小。証明尖底槽較平底槽易於控制土石流流心，有利於將土石流輸送引導至安全區域。本研究建立形狀因子修正前人試驗迴歸經驗式，經驗式修正形狀因子後，土石流堆積長度經驗式推估值與試驗值比較，矩型流槽結果準確度為91.1%，梯型流槽結果準確度為78.2%，Ｖ型流槽結果準確度為90.2%。 |
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| 摘要(英)： | ||
| For the experiment designed by this research, we enhance the flow concentration through the change of cross-section to control the core of water flow, reducing the risk of debris flow overflow and accelerating its passing through the protected area. With the on-site matching simulation of such three cross-sections as rectangle, trapezoid and V-section through the equivalent weight replacement approach, this experiment proceeds the experiment of indoor debris flow flume by controlling various conditions respectively including different volumes, different volume concentrations and different maximum grain sizes to study the influence of channel cross-section change on debris-flow moving and deposition situations. With the statistics of data including velocity, deposition distance, width and depth, the result shows that the channel cross-section configuration will influence the state of debris flow and its deposition range. The velocity of V-shape flume is higher than that of trapezoid and rectangle flumes. Both of deposition length and width resulted from the V-shape flume drainage of debris flow are the biggest, whereas they are the smallest for the rectangle flume. It is evident that the conical-bottom flume is better to control the core of debris flow, which is beneficial to channel and conduct the debris flow to a safe area, than the flat-bottom flume. This research established a human-tested empirical regression formula before the-modification of shape factors. After the shape-factor modification of such empirical formula, we find that the accuracy for the result of rectangle, trapezoid and V-shape flumes is 91.1%, 78.2% and 90.2% respectively by comparing the estimated debris-flow deposition length of the empirical formula with that of the experiment. |
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| 檔案： | 沒有相關檔案 | |
| 相關連結： | http://ethesys.lib.cyut.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search-c/view_etd?URN=etd-0829108-121048 | |