生活與化學
生命的基礎 -- 水與空氣
空氣
大氣的組成
Component
|
Symbol |
Content |
|
|
Nitrogen |
N2 |
78.084% |
99.998% |
|
Oxygen |
O2 |
20.947% |
|
|
Argon |
Ar |
0.934% |
|
|
Carbon
Dioxide |
CO2 |
0.033% |
|
|
Neon |
Ne |
18.2
parts per million |
|
|
Helium |
He |
5.2
parts per million |
|
|
Krypton |
Kr |
1.1
parts per million |
|
|
Sulfur
dioxide |
SO2 |
1.0
parts per million |
|
|
Methane |
CH4 |
2.0
parts per million |
|
|
Hydrogen |
H2 |
0.5
parts per million |
|
|
Nitrous
Oxide |
N2O |
0.5
parts per million |
|
|
Xenon |
Xe |
0.09
parts per million |
|
|
Ozone |
O3 |
0.07
parts per million |
|
|
Nitrogen
dioxide |
NO2 |
0.02
parts per million |
|
|
Iodine |
I2 |
0.01
parts per million |
|
|
Carbon
monoxide |
CO |
trace |
|
|
Ammonia |
NH3 |
trace |
|
溫室效應
動畫http://www.planetguide.net/book/chapter_3/greenhouse_effect.html
| Name of gas | Contribution | Source(s) |
| Carbon
dioxide (CO2) |
50%
|
From burning coal and oil, and the removal of vegetation |
| Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
20%
|
From air conditioners, refrigerators and aerosols |
| Methane (CH4) |
16%
|
From rice growing, animal waste, swamps and landfills |
| Ozone (O3) |
8%
|
From air pollution |
| Nitrous
oxide (N2O) |
6%
|
From fertilizers and burning of coal and oil |
空氣污染資訊網 http://hk.geocities.com/xavier114fch/index.htm
臭氧層
臭氧分子 O3
形成反應
分解反應
Ozone is a form of oxygen. The molecule contains three oxygen
atomsOzone is unstable and will readily combine with other atoms.
Ozone is found in the stratosphere, where it blocks the sun's
ultraviolet (UV) waves and prevents them from reaching the earth's
surface.Ozone is also found in the troposphere, where it can damage living
tissue and human-produced objects. It is generated both from certain
types of pollution and natural sources.
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer 1979-1992臭氧層實況
http://www.atm.ch.cam.ac.uk/tour/tour_mpeg/anim_toms.mpg
臭氧層破壞源 CFC
Chain initiation
Chain propagation
